Methods

Protocol to avoid cross-contamination when disarticulating museum specimens for DNA extraction

By Arbor Ahlgren, ML Chamorro, Kojun Kanda

Ideally, to avoid cross-contamination when disarticulating museum specimens, you would work under a laminar flow hood that has never been used to process post-PCR products. The instructions provided below are for those who do not have access to such a facility. Also alternatives for sterilizing equipment: flame sterilization or UV sterilization.

Materials

1. Container for 10% bleach solution

2. Weigh boats

3. Commercial bleach

4. Gloves

5. Hype-Wipes™ or similar disinfecting towel with bleach

6. 100% ethyl alcohol in spray bottle 

7. Kimwipes™ or similar delicate task wipes 

8. Squirt bottle with ethanol

9. Three large tubes

10. Tall vial stand

11. Pinned specimens

12. Two sets of forceps

13. Stereoscope

14. Waterproof pen

15. Tube rack

16. Eppendorf tubes

17. Lab coat

All work surfaces and materials used must be decontaminated

2. Add tap water

3. Add weigh boats to the 10% bleach solution

4. Leave weigh boats in solution for at least 5 minutes

5. Rinse weigh boats with tap water at least three times

6. Separate each weigh boat to ensure proper removal of bleach solution

7. Allow water to flow in the sink afterwards to flush the bleach from the system

8. Allow weigh boats to air dry

9. Clean all surfaces, including tables, stereoscope, and forceps

Disarticulation of specimens

10. Forceps should be cleaned and dried between disarticulation of each specimen using:  a) 10% bleach solution, b) ethanol, c) distilled water

Bleach

Ethanol

Bleach

Distilled Water

Bleach

11. Select specimen

12. Remove labels with clean forceps; place in weigh boat

13. Minimally soak specimen in ethanol to remove it from card (if mounted on a card)

14. Soak up excess ethanol with a Kim wipe

15. Gently disarticulate abdomen from specimen to facilitate the buffer reaching the internal tissues (in this case, specimen is in ventral view)

16. Place all insect parts (head, thorax, and abdomen) into Eppendorf tube

17. Label Eppendorf tube with unique code.
These tubes with specimens will go through the DNA extraction process

The tubes with disarticulated specimens will be temporarily stored in a storage box for Eppendorf tubes until the DNA extraction process can take place

Re-mount all labels on the pin

Note upper left corner: all labels are on pin

18. After extraction reassociate labels and extracted specimens. 

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